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发表于 2020-1-22 16:58:54
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本帖最后由 Architect 于 2020-1-22 17:09 编辑
美国AGT-1500坦克燃气轮机
美国陆军采用该燃气轮机作为M1主战坦克的动力装置是由于燃气轮机具有以下优点:
1.结构简单
燃气轮机结构简单,总零件数比柴油机少30%,运动件只有柴油机的1/5,轴承数是柴油机的1/3,密封件和齿轮数是柴油机的一半。该燃气轮机的重量约为AVCR-1360-2可变压缩比发动机或豹2坦克MB873柴油机的一半;本体尺寸小,但与之匹配的空气滤清器尺寸较大,因此,体积小的优越性不明显。
2.维修简便
该燃气轮机采用模块化设计方法,且便于从上面接近,附件的修理和更换无需拆卸发动机,2/3的维修工作不需挪动发动机;吊装方便,1h内可以取出发动机并重新安装好;机油消耗量仅为柴油机的1/10,不需定期更换机油和机油滤清器。
3.冷起动性能好
燃气轮机摩擦件少,起动力矩较小,可以使用轼率较小的起动电机。该燃气轮机在-31℃的低温下不需预热即可起动;豹2坦克MB873柴油机在-18℃条件下需要预热才能起动。
4.负荷反应快
燃气轮机从惰转达到全功率运转的时间短,只要燃料建立起稳定的燃烧,部件就可达到工作温度,很快就可输出全功率,因而可提高坦克加速性。该燃气轮机从惰转到输出全功率只需2.5s,而柴油机需要2~3倍的时间。
5.扭矩特性好
燃气轮机(双轴或三轴结构)的扭矩随动力涡轮的转速降低而增大,具有良好的越野性能。因扭矩储备系数大,可以简化传动装置。对于液力机械传动而言,可以减少使用液力变矩器的时间,因而可减少传动装置的散热量和提高传动装置的效率。
6.多种燃料性能好
该燃气轮机常用的燃料是1号、2号柴油和4号、5号喷气机燃料,急需时可使用汽油、煤油。如需改变燃料,只需根据燃料的比重转动驾驶室中的刻度盘,操作很方便。
7.排烟少、振动小、噪声低
这些特点可以减少坦克上战场上被发现而遭到攻击的可能性,从而提高坦克的生存力。
该燃气轮机存在的主要缺点是燃油消耗率高。在1982财政年度陆军完成了提高该机燃油经济性的改进计划。试验表明,油耗有所下降,燃油经济性提高了10%。但与柴油机相比,油耗仍较高。
该燃气轮机将继续进行改进,技术发展工作包括在涡轮喷嘴、涡轮叶片和重新设计的燃烧室表面上喷涂各种隔热涂层,以改善燃油经济性。
https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Honeywell_AGT1500
http://www.army-guide.com/eng/product2832.html
The Honeywell AGT1500 gas turbine engine is the main powerplant of the M1 Abrams series of tanks. The engine was originally designed and produced by the Lycoming Turbine Engine Division in the Stratford Army Engine Plant. In 1995, production was moved to the Anniston Army Depot in Anniston, Alabama after the Stratford Army Engine Plant was shut down.[1]
Engine output peaks at 1,500 hp (1,120 kW), with 2,750 lb-ft (3,754 N-m) of torque at that peak.[2] The engine can use a variety of fuels, including jet fuel, gasoline, diesel and Marine Diesel.[2]
During the early 1970s, the AGT1500 was developed into the PLT27, a flight-weight turboshaft for use in helicopters. This engine lost to the General Electric GE12 (T700) in three separate competitions to power the UH-60, AH-64, and SH-60.[3]
Honeywell's ongoing development and modernization programs for the AGT1500 turboshaft engine are paving the way toward 21st century reliability. Our defined concepts will decrease operating temperature while select component durability will double through our Improved Durability Program. Further durability improvements are being obtained by the Partnership to Reduce Operating and Support Engines (PROSE) costs program. This is a teaming arrangement between TACOM, ANAD and Honeywell whose ultimate goal is to reduce the engine costs.
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