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作者：基拾
链接：https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/185462530
来源：知乎
著作权归作者所有。商业转载请联系作者获得授权，非商业转载请注明出处。
I'm from Malaysia. China has traded with Malaysia for 2000 years. In those years, they had been the world's biggest powers many times. Never once they sent troops to take our land. Admiral Zhenghe came to Malacca five times, in gigantic fleets, and a flagship eight times the size of Christopher Columbus' flagship, Santa Maria. He could have seized Malacca easily, but he did not. In 1511, the Portuguese came. In 1642, the Dutch came. In the 18th century the British came. We were colonised by each, one after another.
我来自马来西亚。
中国与马来西亚的贸易已有2000年。在那些年里，它们曾多次成为世界上最大的强国。但他们从未派兵侵占我们的土地。
海军上将郑和，曾五次乘坐巨型舰队来到马六甲，并且是哥伦布“圣玛丽亚”舰队的八倍大。他本来可以轻松地占领马六甲，但他没有。
1511年，葡萄牙人来了。1642年，荷兰人来了。18世纪，英国人来了。然后我们接二连三地被他们殖民。
When China wanted spices from India, they traded with the Indians. When they wanted gems, they traded with the Persian. They didn't take lands. The only time China expanded beyond their current borders was in Yuan Dynasty, when Genghis and his descendants Ogedei Khan, Guyuk Khan & Kublai Khan conquered China, Mid Asia and Eastern Europe. But Yuan Dynasty, although being based in China, was a part of the Mongolian Empire.
当中国想要印度的香料时，他们与印度人进行贸易。当他们想要宝石时，他们与波斯人进行贸易。
他们从不侵占土地。
中国唯一一次扩张国界是在元朝，成吉思汗及其后代奥格代汗（Ogedei Khan）古尤克汗（Guyuk Khan）和忽必烈（Kublai Khan）征服了中国、中亚和东欧。但是，元朝虽属中国,却是蒙古帝国的一部分。
Then came the Century of Humiliation. Britain smuggled opium into China to dope the population, a strategy to turn the trade deficit around, after the British could not find enough silver to pay the Qing Dynasty in their tea and porcelain trades. After the opium warehouses were burned down and ports were closed by the Chinese in ordered to curb opium, the British started the Opium War I, which China lost. Hong Kong was forced to be surrendered to the British in a peace talk (Nanjing Treaty). The British owned 90% of the opium market in China, during that time, Queen Victoria was the world's biggest drug baron. The remaining 10% was owned by American merchants from Boston. Many of Boston's institutions were built with profit from opium.
接着是屈辱的世纪。
在英国人没有足够的白银来支付清朝的茶叶和瓷器贸易之后，英国把鸦片走私到中国来贩卖毒品,这是一种扭转贸易逆差的策略。
在虎门销烟、中国关闭港口以遏制鸦片之后，英国发动了第一次鸦片战争，中国输了。香港被迫在谈判中向英国投降（《南京条约》）。
那个时期，英国的维多利亚女王是全世界最大的毒品大亨，英国人拥有中国90％的鸦片市场，其余的10％由波士顿的美国商人拥有。波士顿的许多机构都是靠着发鸦片财而建立的。
After 12 years of Nanjing Treaty, the West started getting really really greedy. The British wanted the Qing government:
1. To open the borders of China to allow goods coming in and out freely, and tax free.
2. Make opium legal in China.
《南京条约》签订12年后，西方开始变得非常非常贪婪。
英国人要求清政府：
1.开放中国边境，允许货物自由进出，免除关税。
2.使鸦片在中国合法化。
Insane requests, Qing government said no. The British and French, with supports from the US and Russia from behind, started Opium War II with China, which again, China lost. The Anglo-French military raided the Summer Palace, and threatened to burn down the Imperial Palace, the Qing government was forced to pay with ports, free business zones, 300,000 kilograms of silver and Kowloon was taken. Since then, China's resources flew out freely through these business zones and ports. In the subsequent amendment to the treaties, Chinese people were sold overseas to serve as labor.
面对疯狂的要求，清政府说不。
英法两国在美俄的支持下，对中国发动了第二次鸦片战争，而中国又输了。
英法军队突袭了颐和园，并威胁要烧毁皇宫，清政府被迫用港口、自由贸易区、30万公斤的白银进行了支付。香港九龙也被抢走。
从那时起，中国的资源便通过这些贸易区和港口自由进出。在随后的条约修正案中，中国人被卖到海外当劳工。
In 1900, China suffered attacks by the 8-National Alliance(Japan, Russia, Britain, France, USA, Germany, Italy, Austria-Hungary). Innocent Chinese civilians in Peking (Beijing now) were murdered, buildings were destroyed & women were raped. The Imperial Palace was raided, and treasures ended up in museums like the British Museum in London and the Louvre in Paris.
In late 1930s China was occupied by the Japanese in WWII. Millions of Chinese died during the occupancy. 300,000 Chinese died in Nanjing Massacre alone.
1900年，中国遭到八国联军的进攻（日本，俄罗斯，英国，法国，美国，德国，意大利，奥地利，匈牙利）。
北平（现北京）的无辜中国平民被谋杀，建筑物被毁，妇女被强奸。皇宫遭到袭击，宝藏最终落入了伦敦大英博物馆和巴黎卢浮宫的口袋。
20世纪30年代末，中国在第二次世界大战中被日本占领。数百万人在这期间丧命。仅南京大屠杀，就有30万中国人被杀害。
Mao brought China together again from the shambles. There were peace and unity for some time.
Then came Deng Xiao Ping and his famous “black-cat and white-cat” story. His preference in pragmatism than ideologies has transformed China. This thinking allowed China to evolve all the time to adapt to the actual needs in the country, instead of rigidly bounded to ideologies.
The current Socialism+Meritocracy+Market Economy model fits the Chinese like gloves, and it propels the uprise of China. Singapore has a similar model, and has been arguably more successful than Hong Kong, because Hong Kong being gateway to China, was riding on the economic boom in China, while Singapore had no one to gain from.
毛泽东把中国从废墟中团结起来，中国迎来了和平、统一。
接着就是邓小平和他著名的“黑猫和白猫”的故事。
比起意识形态,他对实用主义的偏爱已经改变了中国。这种思想使中国可以一直发展，以适应国家的实际需要,而不是拘泥于意识形态。
当前的社会主义+精英主义+市场经济模型，完美地贴合了中国人，并推动着中国的崛起。
而新加坡也有类似的模式，可以说比香港更成功。因为香港是通往中国的门户，受惠于中国的经济繁荣而发展，而新加坡则完全自主发展。
In just 30 years, the CCP have moved 800 millions of people out from poverty. The rate of growth is unprecedented in human history. They have built the biggest mobile network, by far the biggest high speed rail network in the world, and they have become a behemoth in infrastructure. They made a fishing village called Shenzhen into the world's second largest technological centre after the Silicon Valley. They are growing into a technological power house. It has the most elaborate e-commerce and cashless payment system in the world. They have launched exploration to Mars. The Chinese are living a good life and China has become one of the safest countries in the world. The level of patriotism in the country has reached an unprecedented height.
短短30年，中国共产党已经让8亿人摆脱了贫困。发展的速度在人类历史上前所未有。
他们已经建立了最大的移动网络，全世界最大的高铁网络，并且成为了基建狂魔。
他们把一个叫做深圳的渔村，打造成仅次于硅谷的世界第二大科技中心。他们正在成长为技术强国。
它拥有世界上最完善的电子商务和无现金支付系统。
他们已经向火星发起探险活动。
爱国主义也达到了前所未有的高度。
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